Investigating new target for remyelination

In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering of nerve fibres in the brain and spinal cord (myelin), causing lesions (damaged areas).

Researchers have observed that, in addition to the inflammation caused when these lesions form, there is also slow, low-grade inflammation around the edges of older chronic lesions. This gradual inflammation contributes to the growth of lesions over time and is linked to disease progression, such as nerve damage, brain shrinkage, and worsening disability.

The researchers believe that this low-grade inflammation at the edges of chronic lesions could be an early sign of more localised inflammation in the brain. They think that promoting the repair of myelin (remyelination) could reduce this inflammation and stop the lesions from expanding, helping protect the nerves from further damage.

The study aims to test how effective remyelination therapies are in preventing damage caused by this slow-burning inflammation. The team will analyse data from clinical trials of remyelinating drugs to see if they can slow lesion expansion and prevent nerve damage.

By understanding how these therapies work and finding markers to measure their effectiveness, the researchers hope to develop better treatments for people with MS and improve their long-term outcomes.